EN 10088-2 X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 1.4462 Stainless Steel Plate

EN 10088-2 X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 1.4462 stainless steel plate is a duplex (austenitic-ferritic) flat product supplied to EN 10088-2, the European standard for stainless steel sheet, plate and strip for general purposes. X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 contains up to 0.030 % carbon, 21.0 – 23.0 % chromium, 4.5 – 6.5 % nickel, 2.50 – 3.5 % molybdenum and 0.10 – 0.22 % nitrogen. It is the composition widely known as 2205 and is one of the two standard austenitic-ferritic grades in EN 10088-2, the other being the lean duplex 1.4362. It is listed as cold rolled strip up to 8 mm, continuously hot rolled strip up to 13.5 mm and hot rolled plate up to 75 mm, solution annealed, with a minimum plate proof strength of 460 MPa. Table 8 rates it resistant to intergranular corrosion both as delivered and after sensitization.

SHH STEEL works as a steel sourcing partner with long-term relationships with Chinese stainless mills that roll duplex hot rolled plate, coil and cold rolled sheet. For large tonnages, the buyer can contract directly with a suitable mill, with SHH STEEL assisting for a modest service fee and handling follow-up and documents. For small orders we consolidate demand, so that 1 – 5 t lots are placed against genuine mill production instead of stock of unknown origin. Each shipment can be released after third-party inspection by TUV, ABS, BV, DNV, CCS or an agency the buyer nominates, and payment by TT or LC is accepted. The rest of this page covers the technical side of EN 10088-2 1.4462 and the steps we take so that the sheet that arrives is the sheet that was ordered.

The table below lists the concerns buyers raise most often when sourcing EN 10088-2 X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 sheet and plate from China, and how SHH STEEL deals with each of them.

1.4462 corresponds to UNS S32205 and UNS S31803 in ASTM A240 (see ASTM A240 Type 2205 stainless steel sheet and plate). ASTM A240-22 gives S32205 the type name 2205 and notes that this is a common name, not a trademark, not associated with any one producer. Branded versions exist, such as Alleima’s SAF 2205; SAF is an Alleima trademark. SHH STEEL orders and certifies by EN steel number and UNS number, and a branded product has to be named and agreed in the order. For pressure equipment the grade is ordered to EN 10028-7; see EN 10028-7 1.4462 pressure vessel plate.

The EN range is wider than S32205 in chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen, so not every 1.4462 heat is a 2205 heat. A heat certified to EN 10088-2, S32205 and S31803 together needs chromium of at least 22.0 %, molybdenum of at least 3.0 %, nitrogen of 0.14 – 0.20 % and phosphorus of at most 0.030 %. By agreement under footnote b to Table 2, 1.4462 can also be delivered with a PRE (Cr + 3.3 Mo + 16 N) greater than 34. SHH STEEL checks these points when a buyer needs dual certification or a PRE guarantee.

1.4462 is also listed in EN 10028-7:2016 for pressure purposes. That standard may set its own test and property requirements, which we have not reproduced here.

Edition note: the values on this page are taken from EN 10088-2:2014. A revised edition (EN 10088-2:2024) has since been published. If your contract names the newer edition, SHH STEEL checks the order against that text before production, and any difference is raised at the quotation stage rather than after rolling.

The 1.4462 chemical composition below is the cast (heat) analysis from EN 10088-2:2014 Table 2. Values are percentages by mass; a single figure is a maximum.

The 1.4462 chemical composition balances ferrite formers (chromium and molybdenum) against austenite formers (nickel and nitrogen), which is what gives the two-phase structure. Footnote b to Table 2 allows a PRE greater than 34 to be agreed. SHH STEEL checks chromium, molybdenum, nickel and nitrogen on every certificate and calculates the PRE from the cast analysis when the order asks for it.

Product analysis tolerances (EN 10088-2 Table 5)

A product analysis is a check made on the delivered sheet. It is not mandatory under EN 10088-2; it is carried out when agreed at the time of enquiry and order, and SHH STEEL can arrange it through a partner laboratory. The permissible tolerances on the cast limits are:

Where several product analyses are made on one cast, individual results may exceed the maximum or fall below the minimum, but not both for the same element. Nickel uses ± 0.07 % at the 4.5 % minimum and ± 0.10 % at the 6.5 % maximum, because Table 5 changes band at 5.0 %. Table 5 bands for nitrogen meet at 0.10 %, so how the tolerance applies to the 0.10 % minimum should be confirmed in the contract if a product analysis is ordered.

The 1.4462 mechanical properties below are the room-temperature values from EN 10088-2:2014 Table 8 for austenitic-ferritic steels in the solution annealed condition. Proof strength applies to transverse test pieces; elongation applies to longitudinal and transverse test pieces, with A80 below 3 mm and the proportional elongation A from 3 mm.

Table 8 gives no 1 % proof strength: under section 7.4.2 of EN 10088-2 the 1 % proof strength is determined for austenitic steels only. For continuously hot rolled products, 20 MPa higher minimum Rp0.2 values may be agreed at the time of enquiry and order. For strip in rolling widths below 300 mm tested longitudinally, the minimum proof strength is reduced by 15 MPa. For bigger sizes than those listed, mechanical values are to be agreed.

Table 8 rates 1.4462 resistance to intergranular corrosion (EN ISO 3651-2) as “yes” in both the delivery condition and the sensitized condition. The plate proof strength of 460 MPa compares with 220 MPa for 1.4404 plate in Table 7.

Cold worked condition (process route 2H)

EN 10088-2 Tables 19 and 20 list no cold worked (2H) strength levels for 1.4462, or for any other austenitic-ferritic grade, so it is ordered in the solution annealed condition (+AT). Its annealed proof strength is already about twice that of 1.4404.

Minimum 0.2 % proof strength at elevated temperature (EN 10088-2 Table 13, +AT)

Table 13 gives values only from 100 °C to 250 °C, and only for the 0.2 % proof strength. The IMOA “Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels” (3rd edition) explains that alpha prime forms in the ferrite below about 525 °C, causing 475 °C embrittlement, and that pressure vessel codes therefore set upper temperature limits: for 2205, 315 °C in the ASME code and 280 °C unwelded or 250 °C welded in the German TÜV code.

EN 10088-2 Table A.2 gives the following guideline temperatures for 1.4462:

The footnotes to Table A.2 state that solution annealing temperatures shall be agreed for simulated heat-treated test pieces, that with a continuous furnace the upper part of the range is usually preferred or even exceeded, and that cooling must be rapid enough to avoid precipitation.

According to the IMOA “Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels” (3rd edition), postweld stress relief is not needed for duplex grades and is likely to be harmful, because it may precipitate intermetallic phases (700 – 1 000 °C) or alpha prime (around 475 °C); where a heat treatment is needed, it should be a full solution anneal followed by water quenching.

The Euro Inox tables give the same 1 020 – 1 100 °C range, with cooling in water or air sufficiently rapid to avoid precipitation. The IMOA guide gives 700 – 950 °C as the sigma-phase range for 2205 and 300 – 525 °C for 475 °C embrittlement, so slow cooling or holding in these ranges should be avoided. Material is delivered as +AT.

The values below are approximate reference figures for X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 at room temperature, from the worldstainless “Tables of Technical Properties”, which follow EN 10088-1. They are suitable for design estimates and weight calculation; where a figure is critical, use EN 10088-1 itself.

The worldstainless table gives 1.4462 a density of 7.8 g/cm³, a modulus of 200 GPa, a thermal conductivity of 15 W/(m·K) and an electrical resistivity of 0.80 Ω·mm²/m, and lists it under the ferromagnetic grades. The EN 10088-1 extract by Häuselmann gives the same density and modulus and marks 1.4462 as magnetisable. The thermal expansion of 13.5 × 10⁻⁶ /K is lower than the 16 – 17 × 10⁻⁶ /K of the austenitic grades, which matters when 1.4462 is welded to EN 10088-2 1.4404 plate or carbon steel.

The Euro Inox fabrication tables describe 1.4462 as having high strength and resistance to pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, and as resistant to intergranular corrosion also when welded. The 1.4462 PREN, calculated as Cr + 3.3 Mo + 16 N, is about 30.9 at the minimum of the EN ranges and can be guaranteed above 34 by agreement under Table 2 footnote b. EN 10088-2 Table 8 rates its resistance to intergranular corrosion, tested to EN ISO 3651-2, as “yes” in the delivery condition and “yes” in the sensitized condition.

The lean duplex EN 10088-2 1.4362 plate has less molybdenum and nickel and is used where 1.4462 is more alloy than needed; the super duplex EN 10088-2 1.4410 plate is the next step up for warm seawater and higher chloride levels.

As EN 10088-2 notes, corrosion resistance depends strongly on the environment and cannot always be judged from laboratory tests, so experience with the grade in similar service should be used.

1.4462 is readily weldable, but the procedure has to keep the ferrite-austenite balance and avoid intermetallic phases.

• The Euro Inox fabrication tables rate TIG/MIG, manual metal arc and resistance welding as suitable for 1.4462, and list the fillers 1.4462 and 1.4501.
• The IMOA “Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels” (3rd edition) limits the interpass temperature to 150 °C for lean and standard duplex grades and does not recommend preheating, except about 100 °C to remove moisture.
• It warns that very low heat input leaves an excessively ferritic weld and heat-affected zone, and very high heat input risks intermetallic phases; modern duplex grades are balanced to 40 – 50 % ferrite.
• Duplex fillers with more nickel than the base metal are normally used; autogenous welds without filler are highly ferritic unless solution annealed afterwards.
• EN 10088-2 does not specify welding procedures; these are published guidelines.

These points reflect industry practice for duplex (austenitic-ferritic) stainless steels rather than requirements of EN 10088-2, which does not specify welding procedures. In the SHH STEEL workshop, plate blanks are cut with clean, burr-free edges, ready for the fabricator’s own joint preparation.

Annealed 1.4462 has good ductility, with at least 20 – 25 % elongation in Table 8, but its proof strength of 460 – 500 MPa is roughly twice that of 1.4404. The IMOA guide notes that the higher strength of duplex steels means higher forming forces and larger springback in bending than for austenitic grades, and that shears and slitters need more power: the maximum thickness of 2304 or 2205 that can be sheared on a given machine is about 75 % of that for Type 304 or 316, and about 65 % for super duplex. Plasma and laser cutting use the same equipment as for austenitic steels, with a narrow heat-affected zone of about 0.25 mm that is removed by normal weld preparation. Machining is more demanding than for the 300-series grades, so rigid set-ups, sharp tools and generous coolant are recommended.

The IMOA guide also cautions that prolonged warm forming above about 315 °C can reduce ambient-temperature toughness and corrosion resistance, so hot forming should follow the Table A.2 range and be followed by solution annealing and water quenching.

We run our own workshop next to the warehouse, so 1.4462 plate and X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 plate blanks can be delivered cut to size, laser-cut or bent, with protective film on visible surfaces. Details are on our steel cutting services and bending and forming services pages.

1.4462 is listed in EN 10088-2 as cold rolled strip, continuously hot rolled strip and hot rolled plate, all solution annealed; it is the most widely rolled duplex grade.

EN 10088-2 Table 8 gives mechanical values for hot rolled plate up to 75 mm; for bigger sizes the mechanical values shall be agreed at the time of enquiry and order. Under section 6.9 of the standard, EN ISO 18286 normally applies only to individually rolled quarto plate, while continuously rolled material follows EN ISO 9444-2. Ultrasonic testing of austenitic-ferritic flat products of 6 mm and over may be agreed to EN 10307 (section 6.7).

SHH STEEL can supply 1.4462 duplex plate and 1.4462 cold rolled sheet, in standard sizes or cut to your drawing, after confirming the rolling schedule with the mill.

Surface finish is ordered by the process route symbols of EN 10088-2 Table 6; trade names from ASTM and JIS are shown for reference. Not every route is available for every grade, and the mill confirms which ones it can supply.

The No.1, No.4 and BA cross-references follow worldstainless and IMOA comparison tables; EN 10088-2 itself defines only the EN symbols, and not every route is available for every grade. Special finishes such as 1J and 2J apply to one surface unless otherwise agreed. The Euro Inox tables rate 1.4462 as good for polishing.

The usual 1.4462 equivalent is UNS S32205 (2205) or S31803 in ASTM A240; the 1.4462 vs 2205 question is mainly about the narrower chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen ranges of S32205.

GB/T 4237-2015 gives S22053 chromium of 22.00 – 23.00 %, molybdenum of 3.00 – 3.50 % and nitrogen of 0.14 – 0.20 %, and S22293 chromium of 21.00 – 23.00 %, molybdenum of 2.50 – 3.50 % and nitrogen of 0.08 – 0.20 %. Each standard keeps its own mechanical values and test rules, so a certificate is issued against the standards named in the order.

1.4462 vs 1.4362 and 1.4410

Compared with EN 10088-2 1.4362 plate, 1.4462 has 2.50 – 3.5 % molybdenum against 0.10 – 0.60 %, a little more nickel and a higher plate proof strength (460 against 400 MPa). Compared with EN 10088-2 1.4410 plate, it has less chromium, molybdenum, nickel and nitrogen and a lower proof strength (460 against 530 MPa), and it is a standard rather than a special grade.

Typical applications of 1.4462 plate and sheet listed in the Euro Inox fabrication tables include:

• Oil and gas industry
• Pulp and paper industry
• Seawater desalination
• Biofuel plants
• Bridges and other load-bearing structures
• Tanks and process equipment where chloride stress corrosion cracking limits 316L

For pressure equipment, 1.4462 plate is ordered to EN 10028-7; for other uses, EN 10088-2 applies.

Buyers often choose 1.4462 to reduce wall thickness compared with 1.4404, using its higher proof strength. The IMOA guide lists upper temperature limits for 2205 in pressure codes of 315 °C (ASME) and 280 °C unwelded or 250 °C welded (TÜV), because of 475 °C embrittlement.

For 1.4462 the main risks are a heat that meets EN but not S32205, low nitrogen, an unbalanced ferrite content after welding, and service temperatures above the code limits.

None of these steps is complicated, but they need to be agreed at the start. When you send an enquiry, tell us which of these points matters most to you, and the order will be built around it.

Every 1.4462 order is supported by documents and checks that make the material traceable to the heat:

• Cast analysis with chromium, molybdenum, nickel and nitrogen checked, and PRE calculated when agreed
• Tensile test (transverse) to Table 8
• Impact test for plate over 10 mm when agreed
• Intergranular corrosion test to EN ISO 3651-2, ferrite content or intermetallic-phase checks when agreed
• Thickness, flatness and surface inspection
• Additional checks through our third-party testing service: PMI, dimensional, flatness and surface inspection

If the order does not name an inspection document, EN 10088-2 requires only a test report 2.2. Because this is rarely enough for tank, desalination and offshore equipment or export work, SHH STEEL supplies an EN 10204 3.1 inspection certificate as standard and a 3.2 certificate when an independent inspector (TUV, ABS, BV, DNV, CCS or an agency you nominate) witnesses testing and countersigns the document.

Ordering example and lead time

Following the pattern of the example in EN 10088-2, a typical order line would read: 10 plates, 12 mm × 2 000 mm × 6 000 mm, EN ISO 18286, EN 10088-2, steel X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 (1.4462), process route 1D, inspection certificate 3.1 to EN 10204. Mill production lead time is generally 30 – 40 days from order confirmation, depending on the rolling schedule, the size and the tests requested. Consolidated small lots follow the same mill schedule, and we send progress updates at rolling, testing and packing.

• Mill relationships: long-term cooperation with Chinese stainless mills helps us secure competitive pricing and steadier delivery for 1.4462 and related duplex grades.
• Direct mill contracts: for larger tonnages you can contract directly with a suitable mill, for a modest service fee, while we handle follow-up and documents.
• Order consolidation: 1 – 5 t lots are combined so they can be placed against genuine mill production.
• Own workshop: slitting, cut-to-length, laser cutting, bending and protective film before shipment.
• Inspection and certificates: third-party inspection by TUV, ABS, BV, DNV, CCS or your nominated agency, with EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certificates.
• Flexible payment: TT, LC or a combination of both.
• Port logistics: coil and sheet are packed seaworthy with heat-number labels and shipped through our worldwide shipping service, together with other grades if needed.

As a 1.4462 plate supplier SHH STEEL also stocks and sources the wider range of stainless steel sheets and plates, so mixed orders of different stainless grades can travel in one container with one set of paperwork.

EN 10088-2 X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 1.4462 is the standard 2205-type duplex grade, combining a plate proof strength of 460 MPa with good resistance to pitting and chloride stress corrosion cracking, supplied as hot rolled plate up to 75 mm and as cold rolled sheet. Choosing it is the easy part. Getting genuine material that matches the certificate, in the gauge and finish your parts need and on a predictable schedule, is where a sourcing partner earns its place, and that is the work SHH STEEL does every day through long-term mill cooperation, consolidation and its own workshop.

The next step is simple. Send SHH STEEL your drawing, or an enquiry with the quantity, thickness, width, finish and delivery destination, and we will judge whether a direct mill contract or consolidation with processing fits your order better, and quote accordingly. Send your sizes and quantities for a quotation.