EN 10088-2 X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 1.4410 Stainless Steel Plate

EN 10088-2 X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 1.4410 stainless steel plate is a super duplex (austenitic-ferritic) flat product supplied to EN 10088-2, the European standard for stainless steel sheet, plate and strip for general purposes. X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 contains up to 0.030 % carbon, 24.0 – 26.0 % chromium, 6.0 – 8.0 % nickel, 3.0 – 4.5 % molybdenum and 0.24 – 0.35 % nitrogen. It is the composition widely known as 2507. EN 10088-2 places 1.4410 among its special grades, defined as grades for special use and/or with limited availability. It is listed as cold rolled strip up to 8 mm, continuously hot rolled strip up to 13.5 mm and hot rolled plate up to 75 mm, solution annealed, with a minimum plate proof strength of 530 MPa. Table 8 rates it resistant to intergranular corrosion both as delivered and after sensitization.

SHH STEEL works as a steel sourcing partner with long-term relationships with Chinese stainless mills that roll duplex and super duplex hot rolled plate, coil and cold rolled sheet. For large tonnages, the buyer can contract directly with a suitable mill, with SHH STEEL assisting for a modest service fee and handling follow-up and documents. For small orders we consolidate demand, so that 1 – 5 t lots are placed against genuine mill production instead of stock of unknown origin. Each shipment can be released after third-party inspection by TUV, ABS, BV, DNV, CCS or an agency the buyer nominates, and payment by TT or LC is accepted. The rest of this page covers the technical side of EN 10088-2 1.4410 and the steps we take so that the sheet that arrives is the sheet that was ordered.

The table below lists the concerns buyers raise most often when sourcing EN 10088-2 X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 sheet and plate from China, and how SHH STEEL deals with each of them.

1.4410 corresponds to UNS S32750 in ASTM A240 (see ASTM A240 Type 2507 stainless steel sheet and plate). ASTM A240-22 gives S32750 the type name 2507 and describes it as a common name, not associated with any one producer. SHH STEEL orders and certifies by EN steel number and UNS number; a specific producer’s branded product has to be named and agreed in the order. For pressure equipment the grade is ordered to EN 10028-7; see EN 10028-7 1.4410 pressure vessel plate.

Chromium and nickel are the same, but ASTM is tighter on manganese, silicon and the nitrogen maximum, and A240-22 footnote O requires Cr + 3.3 Mo + 16 N of at least 41. At the EN minimums this sum is only about 37.7, so a dual-certified heat needs manganese of at most 1.20 %, silicon of at most 0.80 %, nitrogen of 0.24 – 0.32 % and enough chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen to reach 41. SHH STEEL checks this when a buyer needs dual certification.

1.4410 is also listed in EN 10028-7:2016 for pressure purposes. That standard may set its own test and property requirements, which we have not reproduced here.

Edition note: the values on this page are taken from EN 10088-2:2014. A revised edition (EN 10088-2:2024) has since been published. If your contract names the newer edition, SHH STEEL checks the order against that text before production, and any difference is raised at the quotation stage rather than after rolling.

The 1.4410 chemical composition below is the cast (heat) analysis from EN 10088-2:2014 Table 2. Values are percentages by mass; a single figure is a maximum.

The 1.4410 chemical composition combines high chromium and molybdenum with 0.24 – 0.35 % nitrogen, which raises both pitting resistance and strength. Unlike 1.4462, Table 2 gives 1.4410 no PRE footnote, so a minimum PRE has to be agreed in the order if required. SHH STEEL checks chromium, molybdenum, nickel and nitrogen on every certificate and calculates the PRE from the cast analysis.

Product analysis tolerances (EN 10088-2 Table 5)

A product analysis is a check made on the delivered sheet. It is not mandatory under EN 10088-2; it is carried out when agreed at the time of enquiry and order, and SHH STEEL can arrange it through a partner laboratory. The permissible tolerances on the cast limits are:

Where several product analyses are made on one cast, individual results may exceed the maximum or fall below the minimum, but not both for the same element. If a product analysis is required, it should be stated in the order together with the Table 5 tolerances.

The 1.4410 mechanical properties below are the room-temperature values from EN 10088-2:2014 Table 8 for austenitic-ferritic steels in the solution annealed condition. Proof strength applies to transverse test pieces; elongation applies to longitudinal and transverse test pieces, with A80 below 3 mm and the proportional elongation A from 3 mm.

Table 8 gives no 1 % proof strength: under section 7.4.2 of EN 10088-2 the 1 % proof strength is determined for austenitic steels only. For continuously hot rolled products, 20 MPa higher minimum Rp0.2 values may be agreed at the time of enquiry and order. For strip in rolling widths below 300 mm tested longitudinally, the minimum proof strength is reduced by 15 MPa. For bigger sizes than those listed, mechanical values are to be agreed.

Table 8 rates 1.4410 resistance to intergranular corrosion (EN ISO 3651-2) as “yes” in both the delivery condition and the sensitized condition. Minimum elongation is 20 % for all three product forms.

Cold worked condition (process route 2H)

EN 10088-2 Tables 19 and 20 list no cold worked (2H) strength levels for 1.4410, or for any other austenitic-ferritic grade, so it is ordered in the solution annealed condition (+AT). Its annealed plate proof strength is already 530 MPa.

Minimum 0.2 % proof strength at elevated temperature (EN 10088-2 Table 13, +AT)

Table 13 gives values only from 100 °C to 250 °C, and only for the 0.2 % proof strength. The IMOA “Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels” (3rd edition) explains that alpha prime forms in the ferrite below about 525 °C, causing 475 °C embrittlement that is most pronounced in the molybdenum-containing grades. For 2507 it lists upper limits of 315 °C in the ASME code and 250 °C in the German TÜV code (seamless tubes).

EN 10088-2 Table A.2 gives the following guideline temperatures for 1.4410:

The footnotes to Table A.2 state that solution annealing temperatures shall be agreed for simulated heat-treated test pieces, that with a continuous furnace the upper part of the range is usually preferred or even exceeded, and that cooling must be rapid enough to avoid precipitation.

According to the IMOA “Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels” (3rd edition), postweld stress relief is not needed for duplex grades and is likely to be harmful, because it may precipitate intermetallic phases (700 – 1 000 °C) or alpha prime (around 475 °C); where a heat treatment is needed, it should be a full solution anneal followed by water quenching.

The Euro Inox tables give the same 1 040 – 1 120 °C range, with cooling in water or air. The IMOA guide gives 700 – 1 000 °C as the sigma-phase range for 2507, wider than the 700 – 950 °C for 2205, so rapid cooling through this range matters more for super duplex. Material is delivered as +AT.

The values below are approximate reference figures for X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 at room temperature, from the worldstainless “Tables of Technical Properties”, which follow EN 10088-1. They are suitable for design estimates and weight calculation; where a figure is critical, use EN 10088-1 itself.

The worldstainless table gives 1.4410 a density of 7.8 g/cm³, a modulus of 200 GPa, a thermal conductivity of 15 W/(m·K) and an electrical resistivity of 0.80 Ω·mm²/m, and lists it under the ferromagnetic grades. Its expansion values of 12.5 and 13.5 × 10⁻⁶ /K are footnoted to AFNOR NF A 35-573 as 20 – 100 °C and 20 – 300 °C means. The IMOA guide notes that all duplex stainless steels are ferromagnetic because of their ferrite.

The Euro Inox fabrication tables describe 1.4410 as having very high corrosion resistance, and list it for the pulp and paper industry, desalination, flue gas cleaning, seawater systems and chemical tanks and pipes. The 1.4410 PREN, calculated as Cr + 3.3 Mo + 16 N, is about 37.7 at the minimum of the EN ranges; ASTM A240 requires at least 41 for S32750, which a typical 2507 heat is made to meet. EN 10088-2 Table 8 rates its resistance to intergranular corrosion, tested to EN ISO 3651-2, as “yes” in the delivery condition and “yes” in the sensitized condition.

The standard duplex EN 10088-2 1.4462 plate is the more economical choice where its pitting resistance is enough; where a fully austenitic alternative is preferred, the 6 % molybdenum grade EN 10088-2 1.4547 plate is often compared.

As EN 10088-2 notes, corrosion resistance depends strongly on the environment and cannot always be judged from laboratory tests, so experience with the grade in similar service should be used.

1.4410 is weldable, but super duplex needs tighter control of heat input and interpass temperature than 1.4462.

• The Euro Inox fabrication tables rate TIG/MIG, manual metal arc and resistance welding as suitable for 1.4410, and list the matching filler 1.4410.
• The IMOA “Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels” (3rd edition) limits the interpass temperature to 100 °C for super duplex grades, against 150 °C for standard duplex, and does not recommend preheating except to remove moisture.
• It gives 700 – 1 000 °C as the sigma-phase range for 2507, so high heat input and slow cooling of the heat-affected zone should be avoided, while very low heat input leaves an excessively ferritic weld.
• Fillers with more nickel than the base metal are normally used; autogenous welds without filler are highly ferritic unless solution annealed afterwards.
• EN 10088-2 does not specify welding procedures; these are published guidelines.

These points reflect industry practice for super duplex (austenitic-ferritic) stainless steels rather than requirements of EN 10088-2, which does not specify welding procedures. In the SHH STEEL workshop, plate blanks are cut with clean, burr-free edges, ready for the fabricator’s own joint preparation.

Annealed 1.4410 has at least 20 % elongation in Table 8, but its proof strength of 530 – 550 MPa is well above that of 1.4462. The IMOA guide notes that the higher strength of duplex steels means higher forming forces and larger springback in bending than for austenitic grades, and that shears and slitters need more power: the maximum thickness of 2304 or 2205 that can be sheared on a given machine is about 75 % of that for Type 304 or 316, and about 65 % for super duplex. Plasma and laser cutting use the same equipment as for austenitic steels, with a narrow heat-affected zone of about 0.25 mm that is removed by normal weld preparation. Machining is more demanding than for the 300-series grades, so rigid set-ups, sharp tools and generous coolant are recommended.

The IMOA guide notes that the more highly alloyed duplex grades with higher nitrogen are disproportionately more difficult to machine, and cautions that prolonged warm forming above about 315 °C can reduce ambient-temperature toughness and corrosion resistance.

We run our own workshop next to the warehouse, so 1.4410 plate and X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 plate blanks can be delivered cut to size, laser-cut or bent, with protective film on visible surfaces. Details are on our steel cutting services and bending and forming services pages.

1.4410 is listed in EN 10088-2 as cold rolled strip, continuously hot rolled strip and hot rolled plate, all solution annealed; as a special grade, not every size is rolled by every mill.

EN 10088-2 Table 8 gives mechanical values for hot rolled plate up to 75 mm; for bigger sizes the mechanical values shall be agreed at the time of enquiry and order. Under section 6.9 of the standard, EN ISO 18286 normally applies only to individually rolled quarto plate, while continuously rolled material follows EN ISO 9444-2. Ultrasonic testing of austenitic-ferritic flat products of 6 mm and over may be agreed to EN 10307 (section 6.7).

SHH STEEL can supply 1.4410 super duplex plate and 1.4410 cold rolled sheet, in standard sizes or cut to your drawing, after confirming availability with the mill.

Surface finish is ordered by the process route symbols of EN 10088-2 Table 6; trade names from ASTM and JIS are shown for reference. Not every route is available for every grade, and the mill confirms which ones it can supply.

The No.1, No.4 and BA cross-references follow worldstainless and IMOA comparison tables; EN 10088-2 itself defines only the EN symbols, and not every route is available for every grade. Special finishes such as 1J and 2J apply to one surface unless otherwise agreed. The Euro Inox tables give no polishability rating for 1.4410.

The usual 1.4410 equivalent is UNS S32750 (2507) in ASTM A240. On the 1.4410 vs 2507 question, the main differences are the ASTM PRE minimum of 41 and its tighter manganese, silicon and nitrogen limits.

For Chinese pressure vessels the grade is ordered as GB/T 713.7 S25073 pressure vessel plate. JIS G4305 SUS327L1 follows the ASTM S32750 ranges, including molybdenum up to 5.00 %, which is above the EN maximum of 4.5 %. The related EN grade with tungsten and copper is 1.4501, also listed in EN 10028-7 (EN 10028-7 1.4501 pressure vessel plate).

1.4410 vs 1.4462 and 1.4501

Compared with EN 10088-2 1.4462 plate, 1.4410 has more chromium (24.0 – 26.0 % against 21.0 – 23.0 %), molybdenum, nickel and nitrogen, and a higher plate proof strength (530 against 460 MPa). Compared with 1.4501, which adds 0.50 – 1.00 % copper and tungsten, it has the same plate proof and tensile strength in Table 8 (530 MPa and 730 – 930 MPa), with 20 % against 25 % elongation, and the same Table A.2 temperatures; both are special grades.

Typical applications of 1.4410 plate and sheet listed in the Euro Inox fabrication tables include:

• Pulp and paper industry
• Desalination and seawater systems
• Flue gas cleaning
• Tanks and pipes in the chemical industry
• Pressure vessels and heat exchangers
• Rotors, impellers and shafts

For pressure equipment, 1.4410 plate is ordered to EN 10028-7; for other uses, EN 10088-2 applies.

Buyers choose 1.4410 when 1.4462 is not resistant enough to warm seawater or high chloride levels. The IMOA guide lists upper temperature limits for 2507 of 315 °C (ASME) and 250 °C (TÜV, seamless tubes), because of 475 °C embrittlement.

For 1.4410 the main risks are a heat that meets EN but not the ASTM PRE of 41, 1.4462 supplied instead, intermetallic phases from slow cooling, and welding at too high an interpass temperature.

None of these steps is complicated, but they need to be agreed at the start. When you send an enquiry, tell us which of these points matters most to you, and the order will be built around it.

Every 1.4410 order is supported by documents and checks that make the material traceable to the heat:

• Cast analysis with chromium, molybdenum, nickel and nitrogen checked, and PRE calculated
• Tensile test (transverse) to Table 8
• Impact test for plate over 10 mm when agreed
• Intergranular corrosion test to EN ISO 3651-2, ferrite content or intermetallic-phase checks when agreed
• Thickness, flatness and surface inspection
• Additional checks through our third-party testing service: PMI, dimensional, flatness and surface inspection

If the order does not name an inspection document, EN 10088-2 requires only a test report 2.2. Because this is rarely enough for seawater, offshore and desalination equipment or export work, SHH STEEL supplies an EN 10204 3.1 inspection certificate as standard and a 3.2 certificate when an independent inspector (TUV, ABS, BV, DNV, CCS or an agency you nominate) witnesses testing and countersigns the document.

Ordering example and lead time

Following the pattern of the example in EN 10088-2, a typical order line would read: 6 plates, 15 mm × 2 000 mm × 6 000 mm, EN ISO 18286, EN 10088-2, steel X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 (1.4410), process route 1D, inspection certificate 3.1 to EN 10204. Mill production lead time is generally 30 – 40 days from order confirmation, depending on the rolling schedule, the size and the tests requested; because 1.4410 is a special grade, the campaign date should be confirmed at enquiry. Consolidated small lots follow the same mill schedule, and we send progress updates at rolling, testing and packing.

• Mill relationships: long-term cooperation with Chinese stainless mills helps us secure competitive pricing and steadier delivery for 1.4410 and related duplex and super duplex grades.
• Direct mill contracts: for larger tonnages you can contract directly with a suitable mill, for a modest service fee, while we handle follow-up and documents.
• Order consolidation: 1 – 5 t lots are combined so they can be placed against genuine mill production.
• Own workshop: slitting, cut-to-length, laser cutting, bending and protective film before shipment.
• Inspection and certificates: third-party inspection by TUV, ABS, BV, DNV, CCS or your nominated agency, with EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certificates.
• Flexible payment: TT, LC or a combination of both.
• Port logistics: coil and sheet are packed seaworthy with heat-number labels and shipped through our worldwide shipping service, together with other grades if needed.

As a 1.4410 plate supplier SHH STEEL also stocks and sources the wider range of stainless steel sheets and plates, so mixed orders of different stainless grades can travel in one container with one set of paperwork.

EN 10088-2 X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 1.4410 is the 2507-type super duplex special grade, with a plate proof strength of 530 MPa and very high resistance to chlorides, supplied as hot rolled plate up to 75 mm and as cold rolled sheet for seawater, desalination and chemical equipment. Choosing it is the easy part. Getting genuine material that matches the certificate, in the gauge and finish your parts need and on a predictable schedule, is where a sourcing partner earns its place, and that is the work SHH STEEL does every day through long-term mill cooperation, consolidation and its own workshop.

The next step is simple. Send SHH STEEL your drawing, or an enquiry with the quantity, thickness, width, finish and delivery destination, and we will judge whether a direct mill contract or consolidation with processing fits your order better, and quote accordingly. Send your sizes and quantities for a quotation.