EN 10088-2 X3CrTi17 1.4510 Stainless Steel Plate

X3CrTi17, steel number 1.4510, is a titanium-stabilised ferritic stainless steel supplied as sheet and strip to EN 10088-2, the European standard for corrosion resisting flat products for general purposes. The steel behind every 1.4510 stainless steel plate contains 16.0 – 18.0 % chromium, no more than 0.05 % carbon and enough titanium to bind carbon and nitrogen, so it keeps its corrosion resistance after welding, unlike unstabilised 17 % chromium steel. It is magnetic, carries no nickel and costs well below 304. It is the European counterpart of 439 stainless steel and is used for welded appliance parts such as washing machine drums, for hot-water tanks and calorifiers, heat exchanger tubes, catering equipment and the cooler sections of automotive exhaust systems.

SHH STEEL works as a steel sourcing partner with long-term relationships with Chinese stainless mills that roll stabilised 17 % chromium ferritic coil. For large tonnages, the buyer can contract directly with a suitable mill, with SHH STEEL assisting for a modest service fee and handling follow-up and documents. For small orders we consolidate demand, so that 1 – 5 t lots are placed against genuine mill production instead of stock of unknown origin. Each shipment can be released after third-party inspection by TUV, ABS, BV, DNV, CCS or an agency the buyer nominates, and payment by TT or LC is accepted. The rest of this page covers the technical side of EN 10088-2 1.4510 and the steps we take so that the sheet that arrives is the sheet that was ordered.

The table below lists the concerns buyers raise most often when sourcing EN 10088-2 X3CrTi17 sheet and plate from China, and how SHH STEEL deals with each of them.

X3CrTi17 1.4510 is ordered under several names, and appliance or tank drawings are as often written to American standards as to European ones. EN 10088-2 is the technical delivery condition for sheet, plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes. ASTM A240 and ASME SA-240 cover the closest American grade as Type 439. EN 10028-7 covers the same steel for pressure purposes.

If your drawing is American, see our ASTM A240 Type 439 page; SHH STEEL can supply either standard and, where a heat meets both sets of limits, dual-certified sheet. If the part holds pressure, such as a pressure-rated water heater shell, use our EN 10028-7 X3CrTi17 1.4510 pressure vessel plate page instead, because sheet certified only to EN 10088-2 is not intended for pressure purposes.

Edition note: the values on this page are taken from EN 10088-2:2014. A revised edition (EN 10088-2:2024) has since been published. If your contract names the newer edition, SHH STEEL checks the order against that text before production, and any difference is raised at the quotation stage rather than after rolling.

The 1.4510 chemical composition below is the cast (heat) analysis from EN 10088-2:2014 Table 3. Values are percentages by mass; a single figure is a maximum.

Titanium is the defining element, and its minimum depends on each heat: a cast with 0.020 % C and 0.015 % N needs at least 0.29 % Ti. A footnote to Table 3 allows stabilisation by titanium and/or niobium and/or zirconium, with niobium and zirconium counted as 7/4 of titanium by mass, so some mills supply 1.4510 with part of the titanium replaced by niobium. If your welding procedure or drawing requires titanium-only stabilisation, say so on the order. EN 10088-2 sets no nickel limit for this grade, and unlisted elements must not be added intentionally without the purchaser’s agreement.

Product analysis tolerances (EN 10088-2 Table 5)

A product analysis is a check made on the delivered sheet. It is not mandatory under EN 10088-2; it is carried out when agreed at the time of enquiry and order, and SHH STEEL can arrange it through a partner laboratory. The permissible tolerances on the cast limits are:

Where several product analyses are made on one cast, individual results may exceed the maximum or fall below the minimum, but not both for the same element. How a tolerance applies to the calculated titanium minimum should be confirmed in the contract if a product analysis is ordered.

The 1.4510 mechanical properties are set in EN 10088-2:2014 Table 9 for the annealed condition. X3CrTi17 is listed for cold-rolled strip (C) and hot-rolled strip (H) only; there is no row for quarto plate (P).

Elongation is measured on an 80 mm gauge length below 3 mm thickness and on a proportional gauge length (5.65√S0) from 3 mm upwards. For bigger sizes the values are to be agreed at the time of enquiry and order. Table 9 records resistance to intergranular corrosion (tested to EN ISO 3651-2) as “yes” in both the delivery and the welded condition. That single line is the main technical reason to choose 1.4510 over 1.4016 for welded parts.

Compared with 1.4016, the proof strength is a little lower and the minimum elongation higher, which helps in drum forming and deep drawing. Ridging after deep drawing is less pronounced than in unstabilised 430-type sheet but can still occur. If a pressing line needs a maximum hardness or a drawing-quality grade, we write it into the mill order as an agreed requirement and check it on the certificate.

Proof strength at elevated temperature (Table 14)

These values are given for information and are verified by an elevated-temperature tensile test only if agreed in the order. EN 10088-2 does not set a Charpy impact value for this grade.

X3CrTi17 plate and sheet are delivered in the annealed condition (+A). EN 10088-2 Table A.3 gives the guideline temperatures:

Annealing recrystallises the cold-rolled structure and gives the soft, formable condition on which the Table 9 values are based. Because titanium already ties up carbon and nitrogen, welded 1.4510 parts do not normally need a post-weld anneal to restore corrosion resistance, which is a practical saving compared with 1.4016.

As with all 17 % chromium ferritics, long exposure around 400 – 550 °C can cause 475 °C embrittlement, and over-heating coarsens the grain. These effects are general knowledge for the grade family rather than EN 10088-2 requirements. The Annex A temperatures are guidelines; actual furnace settings are chosen by the mill, and SHH STEEL checks that the annealed condition is stated on each certificate.

The values below are room-temperature reference figures for X3CrTi17 1.4510, taken from the physical-property table in Euro Inox, Stainless Steel: Tables of Technical Properties (Materials and Applications Series, Volume 5). They are suitable for design estimates and weight calculation; where a figure is critical, use EN 10088-1 itself.

Low thermal expansion is an advantage in hot-water tanks, heat exchangers and exhaust parts, where repeated heating and cooling would load the welds of an austenitic part more heavily. At about 7.7 g/cm³, a 1.2 mm sheet weighs roughly 9.2 kg per square metre, a figure SHH STEEL uses for weight and freight estimates in every quotation.

With 16 – 18 % chromium and titanium stabilisation, X3CrTi17 1.4510 matches 1.4016 in general corrosion resistance and clearly outperforms it in the welded condition. It is widely used in domestic hot water, appliance and kitchen environments.

The table is general guidance only, and material selection for a particular water or medium should rest on experience or testing. Like other ferritic grades, 1.4510 is practically insensitive to chloride stress-corrosion cracking, an advantage over 304 in warm water. Where chloride levels are high, a molybdenum-bearing ferritic or an austenitic grade is the better choice, and we can quote that alternative from the same mill partners.

Weldability is the reason the grade exists. In 1.4016, carbon forms chromium carbides in the heat-affected zone; in 1.4510 the titanium takes that carbon and nitrogen first, so the weld zone keeps its resistance to intergranular corrosion, as Table 9 states. Grain growth in the heat-affected zone remains the main limit, as for every ferritic grade. The steel is joined by TIG, MIG/MAG, plasma, laser, resistance spot and seam welding.

• Filler metal: in common industry practice, stabilised ferritic fillers of the 430Ti or 430LNb type are used for matching welds, while 308L or 309L-type austenitic fillers are used for joints to other steels or where weld ductility matters most. Final choice follows the welding procedure specification.
• Heat input: keep it low and travel speed high, to limit grain growth.
• Preheat and post-weld heat treatment: normally not required for the thin gauges in which the grade is used.
• Shielding: argon-based gases; nitrogen-bearing gases are avoided because they consume titanium.
• Cleaning: remove heat tint by pickling or brushing, especially inside tanks and on visible parts.

These points reflect industry practice for 439-type steels rather than requirements of EN 10088-2, which does not specify welding procedures. In the SHH STEEL workshop, blanks and slit strips are cut with clean, burr-free edges so that automatic seam welding runs without edge preparation problems.

X3CrTi17 sheet forms well: its 23 % minimum elongation suits drum rolling, tank head pressing, tube forming and moderate deep drawing. As with other ferritic grades, spring-back is greater than in carbon steel, and forming is best done at room temperature or slightly warm in cold weather. These are workshop guidelines, not standard requirements.

Machining is comparable to other ferritic grades; titanium carbonitrides can wear tools a little faster, so sharp tools and steady feeds are recommended. Punching and drilling of thin sheet is routine.

SHH STEEL runs its own workshop next to the warehouse, so 1.4510 can be delivered as slit coil, cut-to-length sheets, laser-cut blanks or bent parts instead of raw mill sizes. Details are on our steel cutting services and bending and forming services pages. Protective film can be applied for parts that will be pressed, and pre-cut blanks reduce freight weight and scrap at your end.

EN 10088-2 limits each product form to a maximum thickness, and the tolerance standard depends on the form:

Widths and typical thicknesses are mill offerings, not values from the standard. Cut lengths are usually 2 000 – 4 000 mm, and slit coil can be supplied to the width your tube mill or drum line uses. Because EN 10088-2 lists no quarto-plate row for 1.4510, heavier plate has to be agreed with the mill as a special case.

Most 1.4510 is bought as cold-rolled sheet of 0.5 – 2.0 mm for drums, tanks and tubes. SHH STEEL confirms available widths and lengths with the mill at quotation and slits or cuts to finished size in its own workshop when a mill size does not fit.

Surface finish is ordered by the process route symbols of EN 10088-2 Table 6; trade names from ASTM and JIS are shown for reference. Not every route is available for every grade, and the mill confirms which ones it can supply.

Unless otherwise agreed, only one surface (the prime surface) is inspected to the ordered finish. For brushed or bright sheet, state a roughness value or reference sample and order protective film. For tanks and drums, 2B is normally the right balance of cost, flatness and cleanability.

Buyers often search for 439 stainless steel when they need 1.4510, or the other way round. When asked for the 1.4510 equivalent in another standard, the honest answer is that there are close relatives rather than exact twins. The table lists the nearest grades; chemistry and property limits differ in detail, so substitution should be checked against the governing specification.

On our site you can compare ASTM A240 Type 439, ASME SA240 439 and GB/T 4237 022Cr18Ti S11863. Because 439 requires 17.0 – 19.0 % chromium and at most 0.03 % carbon, a heat that meets both 1.4510 and 439 must sit at 17 – 18 % chromium with low carbon; many mills roll exactly that for dual certification, but it should be confirmed before ordering. Where a drawing calls for UNS S43035 but the project is European, ordering X3CrTi17 to EN 10088-2 is often acceptable, but the designer should confirm it, and SHH STEEL can prepare a side-by-side comparison of the limits.

1.4510 vs 1.4016

Both grades carry 16 – 18 % chromium, so they look alike on a certificate and in the shop. The difference is titanium. EN 10088-2 X6Cr17 1.4016 is unstabilised: it is cheaper and excellent for unwelded appliance and trim parts, but its weld zone loses intergranular corrosion resistance. 1.4510 adds titanium and lower carbon, so welded drums, tanks and tubes keep their corrosion resistance without post-weld annealing. For thin exhaust parts at lower cost, the 11 % chromium EN 10088-2 X2CrTi12 1.4512 is the usual step down; for 13 % chromium refinery internals see EN 10088-2 X6Cr13 1.4000. For hotter exhaust sections the niobium-titanium ASTM A240 Type 441 type is a step up. SHH STEEL can quote these grades side by side so the choice is clear.

The typical 1.4510 ferritic plate application is a thin, welded part in water, steam, food or mild exhaust service that needs more than 1.4016 can give after welding, but does not justify nickel. Common uses include:

• Washing machine and dryer drums, dishwasher tubs and liners
• Domestic hot-water tanks, calorifiers and solar water heater inner tanks without pressure rating
• Welded heat exchanger and condenser tubes
• Catering equipment, sinks and worktops that are welded
• Automotive exhaust cold-end parts: mufflers, intermediate pipes and tail pipes
• Boiler casings and burner parts in moderate heat
• Sugar, brewing and food industry equipment in mild service

In each case the reasoning is the same: 17 % chromium for a clean, durable surface, titanium for sound welds, and no nickel cost that the service does not need. For these uses SHH STEEL can supply slit coil or laser-cut blanks, which reduces scrap and freight.

Most problems in buying 1.4510 from China come from the fact that it looks exactly like cheaper 17 % chromium sheet. The value of the grade lies in its titanium and low carbon, and those only show up in a proper analysis or in a weld that fails months later.

None of these steps is complicated, but they need to be agreed at the start. When you send an enquiry, tell SHH STEEL which of these points matters most to you, and the order will be built around it.

EN 10088-2 Table 21 sets out the tests. The cast analysis is always reported by the manufacturer, and a tensile test at room temperature is mandatory when specific testing is ordered. For strip and sheet cut from strip (forms C and H), the test unit is the same cast, same nominal thickness ±10 % and same final treatment condition; for rolling widths of 600 mm and above, one test sample is taken from each coil. Other tests are optional and carried out only when agreed at the time of order:

• Product analysis (extent to be agreed), useful for confirming titanium and carbon plus nitrogen
• Tensile test at elevated temperature, verifying Table 14 values
• Intergranular corrosion test to EN ISO 3651-2, which can be agreed for welded applications
• Additional checks through our third-party testing service: PMI, dimensional, flatness and surface inspection

If the order does not name an inspection document, EN 10088-2 requires only a test report 2.2. Because this is rarely enough for appliance, tank or export work, SHH STEEL supplies an EN 10204 3.1 inspection certificate as standard and a 3.2 certificate when an independent inspector (TUV, ABS, BV, DNV, CCS or an agency you nominate) witnesses testing and countersigns the document.

Ordering example and lead time

Following the pattern of the example in EN 10088-2, a typical order line would read: 6 t cold-rolled sheet EN ISO 9445-2, 1.0 × 1250 × 2500 mm; steel EN 10088-2 – X3CrTi17+2B (or 1.4510+2B); inspection certificate EN 10204 – 3.1. Mill production lead time is generally 30 – 40 days from order confirmation, depending on the rolling schedule, the size and the tests requested. Consolidated small lots follow the same mill schedule, and SHH STEEL sends progress updates at rolling, testing and packing.

• Mill relationships: long-term cooperation with Chinese stainless mills helps SHH STEEL secure competitive pricing and steadier delivery for 1.4510 and related stabilised ferritic grades.
• Direct mill contracts: for larger tonnages you can contract directly with a suitable mill, for a modest service fee, while we handle follow-up and documents.
• Order consolidation: 1 – 5 t lots are combined so they can be placed against genuine mill production.
• Own workshop: slitting, cut-to-length, laser cutting, bending and protective film before shipment.
• Inspection and certificates: third-party inspection by TUV, ABS, BV, DNV, CCS or your nominated agency, with EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certificates.
• Flexible payment: TT, LC or a combination of both.
• Port logistics: sheet and coil are packed seaworthy with heat-number labels and shipped through our worldwide shipping service, together with other grades if needed.

As a 1.4510 plate supplier SHH STEEL also stocks and sources the wider range of stainless steel sheets and plates, so mixed orders of ferritic and austenitic sheet can travel in one container with one set of paperwork.

EN 10088-2 X3CrTi17 1.4510 is a practical, economical ferritic stainless steel for welded thin-gauge parts in water, appliance, food and mild exhaust service: 17 % chromium, titanium-stabilised, magnetic and far less sensitive to nickel prices than 304. Choosing it is the easy part. Getting sheet that is genuinely stabilised, matches the certificate, fits your welding line and arrives on a predictable schedule is where a sourcing partner earns its place, and that is the work SHH STEEL does every day through long-term mill cooperation, consolidation and its own workshop.

The next step is simple. Send SHH STEEL your drawing, or an enquiry with the quantity, thickness, width, finish and delivery destination, and we will judge whether a direct mill contract or consolidation with processing fits your order better, and quote accordingly. Send your sizes and quantities for a quotation.