GB/T 4237 10Cr18Ni12 S30510 Stainless Steel Plate Supplier
What is GB/T 4237 10Cr18Ni12 (S30510) stainless steel plate?
10Cr18Ni12 is the 305 grade: nickel at 10.50–13.00% makes the austenite very stable, so the steel work-hardens slowly and stays non-magnetic after deep drawing or spinning. It has the lowest proof strength in Table 20, 170 MPa.
How to read the name: under GB/T 20878 the leading ’10’ is the carbon code (here C ≤0.12%), then Cr18 = about 18% chromium; Ni12 = about 12% nickel. S30510 is the unified numeric code (ISC) used in GB/T 4237-2015. Older drawings and Chinese buyers may still write the pre-2007 name 1Cr18Ni12.
SHH STEEL produces and exports austenitic stainless plate from China, works as a sales agent for leading stainless mills, and runs its own processing warehouse for cutting and surface finishing. 10Cr18Ni12 is part of our GB/T 4237 stainless plate range; for comparison, see our AISI 305 page.
Specification summary
| Item | GB/T 4237-2015 requirement / SHH STEEL supply |
|---|---|
| Standard | GB/T 4237-2015 Hot rolled stainless steel plate, sheet and strip (current edition, replaces GB/T 4237-2007) |
| Grade / unified code | 10Cr18Ni12 / S30510 |
| Steel class | Austenitic |
| Chemical composition | Table 15 (heat analysis); product analysis per GB/T 222 |
| Mechanical properties | Table 20 |
| Product forms | Hot-rolled thick plate (3.0 – 200 mm in the standard), hot-rolled wide strip and cut plate (2.0 – 25.4 mm) |
| Our usual thickness range | 3 – 120 mm (to 200 mm by mill order) |
| Delivery condition | ≥ 1 040 °C, water quench or other rapid cooling |
| Surface | Hot rolled, heat treated, pickled (No.1 / 1D) as standard; ground or polished by agreement |
| Density | 7.93 g/cm³ |
| Certificate | EN 10204 3.1 mill certificate; 3.2 with third-party inspection on request |
Sister grades on the same standard are listed under GB/T 4237; cold-rolled sheet of the same chemistry is ordered to GB/T 3280, and all our plate lines sit in stainless steel sheets and plates.
Chemical composition of 10Cr18Ni12 S30510
| Element | 10Cr18Ni12 heat analysis, % (Table 15) | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.12 | Carbon. Low values protect welds from carbide precipitation; higher values add hot strength or hardenability. |
| Si | ≤ 0.75 | Silicon. Deoxidizer; in heat-resistant grades it builds a protective scale. |
| Mn | ≤ 2.00 | Manganese. Deoxidizer; in Mn-bearing grades it replaces nickel and keeps nitrogen in solution. |
| P | ≤ 0.045 | Phosphorus. Impurity, kept low for toughness and weld cracking resistance. |
| S | ≤ 0.030 | Sulfur. Impurity; low sulfur improves pitting resistance, hot workability and polishability. |
| Cr | 17.00 – 19.00 | Chromium. Forms the passive film; the main driver of corrosion and oxidation resistance. |
| Ni | 10.50 – 13.00 | Nickel. Stabilizes austenite, improves toughness and resistance to reducing acids. |
| PREN (Cr + 3.3Mo + 16N) | 17.0 – 18.0 (minimum – mid-range) | Calculated from the limits above, not a requirement of GB/T 4237 |
Values are maximum unless a range is given. The mill reports the ladle (heat) analysis on the certificate; this is the figure to compare with Table 15.
Check analysis of 10Cr18Ni12 plate
A check analysis drilled from the finished plate may differ slightly from the heat analysis. GB/T 4237 refers to GB/T 222 for the permitted deviations; the table applies them to the 10Cr18Ni12 limits. Deviations apply to one side of a range only, never to both sides in the same heat.
| Element | Heat analysis limit (%) | Permitted deviation | Product analysis limit (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.12 | ±0.01 | ≤ 0.13 |
| Si | ≤ 0.75 | ±0.05 | ≤ 0.80 |
| Mn | ≤ 2.00 | ±0.04 | ≤ 2.04 |
| P | ≤ 0.045 | +0.010 | ≤ 0.055 |
| S | ≤ 0.030 | +0.005 | ≤ 0.035 |
| Cr | 17.00 – 19.00 | ±0.20 | 16.80 – 19.20 |
| Ni | 10.50 – 13.00 | ±0.15 | 10.35 – 13.15 |
Where the table says ‘by agreement’, the deviation is not tabulated for that content level and should be agreed in the contract, usually by reference to ASTM A480 Table A1.1.
Mechanical properties at room temperature
| Property | 10Cr18Ni12 (Table 20) |
|---|---|
| Proof strength Rp0.2, MPa | ≥ 170 |
| Tensile strength Rm, MPa | ≥ 485 |
| Elongation A, % | ≥ 40 |
| Hardness HBW | ≤ 183 |
| Hardness HRB | ≤ 88 |
| Hardness HV | ≤ 200 |
Strength minimums apply to solution-treated plate tested transverse to rolling. Actual mill results are usually well above these minimums and are reported on the certificate.
Which variant to order: standard, L, H or N?
The lean-nickel 17-7 and older 18-8 grades are chosen for work hardening, cold forming or non-magnetic behaviour more than for corrosion resistance.
| Grade | Order it for |
|---|---|
| GB/T 4237 12Cr17Ni7 S30110 | Work-hardening 301, rail and springs |
| GB/T 4237 022Cr17Ni7 S30103 | Low-carbon 301L for welded car bodies |
| GB/T 4237 022Cr17Ni7N S30153 | 301LN with guaranteed nitrogen |
| GB/T 4237 12Cr18Ni9 S30210 | 302, decorative and cold-formed parts |
| 10Cr18Ni12 S30510 | 305, deep drawing and non-magnetic parts |
10Cr18Ni12 sits in this family as 305.
International equivalents of 10Cr18Ni12 S30510
| Standard system | Equivalent / closest grade |
|---|---|
| China GB/T 4237-2015 | 10Cr18Ni12 (S30510) |
| Former Chinese name | 1Cr18Ni12 |
| ASTM A240/A240M | Type 305 / S30500 |
| EN 10088-2 | X4CrNi18-12 / 1.4303 |
| JIS G4304 (hot rolled) | SUS305 |
| Common name | 305 |
Equivalent grades are close in chemistry and properties but are never identical: limits on carbon, nitrogen and residual elements differ. For dual or multiple certification the heat must meet every standard named on the order, and we confirm that from the heat chemistry before quotation.
Related pages: AISI 305, JIS G4305 SUS305. See also our ASTM A240/A240M and JIS G4305 plate lists.
Comparison with sister grades
The table compares 10Cr18Ni12 with the grades buyers most often weigh it against. Strength values are GB/T 4237-2015 minimums; PREN is calculated from the minimum chemistry.
| Grade (GB/T 4237) | Key chemistry, % | PREN min | Rp0.2 min, MPa | Rm min, MPa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10Cr18Ni12 S30510 | C ≤ 0.12, Cr 17.00 – 19.00, Ni 10.50 – 13.00 | 17.0 | 170 | 485 |
| GB/T 4237 06Cr19Ni10 S30408 | C ≤ 0.07, Cr 17.50 – 19.50, Ni 8.00 – 10.50, N ≤ 0.10 | 17.5 | 205 | 515 |
| GB/T 4237 12Cr18Ni9 S30210 | C ≤ 0.15, Cr 17.00 – 19.00, Ni 8.00 – 10.00, N ≤ 0.10 | 17.0 | 205 | 515 |
| GB/T 4237 12Cr17Ni7 S30110 | C ≤ 0.15, Cr 16.00 – 18.00, Ni 6.00 – 8.00, N ≤ 0.10 | 16.0 | 205 | 515 |
As hot-rolled plate, 305 is bought for non-magnetic or low work-hardening reasons, not corrosion. Order quantity is usually small; we cut from mill plate or from sister sheet stock under GB/T 3280 when thickness allows.
Corrosion behaviour and intergranular corrosion tests
Austenitic 18-8 grades resist atmospheric corrosion, fresh water, foods, nitric acid and most organic acids. They are vulnerable to chlorides (pitting, crevice and stress corrosion cracking above about 60 °C).
PREN of 10Cr18Ni12 from the GB/T 4237 limits: 17.0 – 18.0. PREN is a ranking tool for pitting in chlorides, not a guarantee; temperature, crevices, deposits and weld finish matter as much.
Intergranular corrosion testing is not compulsory for this grade in GB/T 4237-2015; when required, the method (GB/T 4334, ASTM A262 or A923 for duplex) and acceptance are agreed in the order.
How 10Cr18Ni12 plate is heat treated
Recommended heat treatment for 10Cr18Ni12 (GB/T 4237-2015 Annex C): ≥ 1 040 °C, water quench or other rapid cooling.
Solution treatment dissolves carbides and restores full corrosion resistance and ductility. Hot forming should finish above about 900 °C and be followed by a new solution anneal if the part is used in corrosive service.
Cutting, forming and welding 10Cr18Ni12 plate
Austenitic 18-8 plate welds well with every arc process (SMAW, GTAW, GMAW, SAW, FCAW). Use ER308L/E308L filler for 304 and 304L, ER347 where the joint must resist sensitization at high carbon, and ER308H for H grades.
Keep interpass temperature below about 150 °C, avoid preheat, and remove heat tint by pickling or brushing with stainless brushes. Distortion is higher than with carbon steel because thermal expansion is about 50% greater and conductivity much lower; plan tacking sequence and fixtures.
Cold forming: austenitic plate bends to tight radii (inside radius ≈ thickness for most gauges) but springs back more than carbon steel.
Finishes and warehouse services
| Finish | Description | Availability for this grade |
|---|---|---|
| No.1 / 1D | Hot rolled, heat treated, pickled; the GB/T 4237 standard surface | Standard |
| Shot-blasted + pickled | Uniform matte for welded structures | On request |
| No.4 / brushed | Abrasive finish, grit 150–180 | Warehouse processing, thin plate |
| HL (hairline) | Long continuous lines, decorative | Warehouse processing, thin plate |
| 8K mirror | Polished reflective finish | Warehouse processing, limited sizes |
| 2B / BA | Cold-rolled finishes (ordered as GB/T 3280 sheet, not hot-rolled plate) | Sheet only |
Our warehouse cuts plate to size (plasma, laser, waterjet, saw), bevels weld edges, polishes and applies PVC protective film. Processed plate ships with the original mill heat number marked. Ask for cut pieces of other stainless steel products at the same time to consolidate freight.
Sizes, tolerances and weight
| Dimension | Typical supply |
|---|---|
| Thickness | 3 – 120 mm (to 200 mm by mill order) |
| Width | 1 000 / 1 219 / 1 250 / 1 500 / 1 800 / 2 000 mm; wider by mill order |
| Length | 2 000 / 2 438 / 3 000 / 6 000 mm or cut to size |
| Flatness | Per GB/T 4237; ≤15 mm per metre for plate up to 25 mm unless agreed tighter |
| Thickness tolerance | Per the GB/T 4237 dimensional tolerance tables (normal or higher accuracy as ordered) |
| Edge | Mill edge or cut edge |
Weight: plate mass in kg/m² = thickness (mm) × density (7.93 g/cm³). A 10 mm 10Cr18Ni12 plate weighs about 79.3 kg/m²; a 1 500 × 6 000 × 10 mm plate about 714 kg.
Applications of 10Cr18Ni12 plate
Typical end uses we ship this grade for:
- Deep-drawn and spun parts
- Cold-headed fasteners blanks (from strip)
- Non-magnetic instrument housings
- Electronic and vacuum components
Buyers specifying 10Cr18Ni12 for these jobs often compare it with GB/T 4237 06Cr19Ni10 S30408 and GB/T 4237 12Cr17Ni7 S30110; the comparison table on this page shows the differences.
International grade pages for the alternatives mentioned above: ASTM A240 Type 304, AISI 302, ASTM A240 Type 301.
Inspection, tests and mill certificates
- Heat chemical analysis on every heat; product analysis by agreement
- Tensile test (Rp0.2, Rm, A) per batch
- Hardness test
- Ultrasonic testing (NB/T 47013.3 or ASTM A578) when specified
- Positive material identification (PMI) on every plate leaving our warehouse
- Visual and dimensional inspection; third-party inspection (SGS, BV, TÜV, Intertek) at the buyer’s request
Certificates follow EN 10204 3.1 as standard. Where plate is also certified to ASME SA240 or ASTM A240, both standards are shown on one certificate.
What to put on a 10Cr18Ni12 purchase order
- Standard and edition: GB/T 4237-2015
- Grade and code: 10Cr18Ni12 (S30510); add the equivalent if dual certification is needed
- Thickness × width × length, quantity in pieces or tonnes
- Thickness tolerance class and flatness if tighter than standard
- Surface finish and protective film
- Tests beyond the standard (IGC, UT, impact, ferrite, PMI, grain size)
- Certificate type (EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2) and inspection body
- Marking, packing (wooden cases, steel pallets) and delivery terms
Send the list to SHH STEEL and we return a quotation with mill, lead time and stock options. Other grades from the same standard can be combined in one shipment; browse GB/T 4237 plate grades.
Mill sourcing and lead time
10Cr18Ni12 is produced by a small number of Chinese mills with the melting and heat treatment capability for it. We place mill orders for it through the producers we represent and do not usually hold it in stock. Expect about 45–90 days, with minimum quantities per thickness; we can combine small quantities into one rolling where the mill allows.
Every plate is traceable to its heat number, and copies of the mill certificates stay on file for repeat orders and audits. The same mills also supply our ASTM A240, ASME SA240, JIS G4305 and AISI plate ranges, so mixed-standard orders can ship together.
Why buy from SHH STEEL
- Mill-direct prices with our own export documentation
- Own processing warehouse: cutting, bevelling, polishing, PVC film
- PMI and dimensional check before packing
- Mixed-grade shipments across our AISI stainless and GB/T plate ranges
- Technical answers from people who read the standard, not just the price list
SHH STEEL has exported stainless and carbon steel plate to buyers in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Europe and the Americas.
FAQ
- Why choose 10Cr18Ni12 instead of 304?
- 10Cr18Ni12 (305) has 10.50–13.00% nickel, about 2% more than 304. That lowers the work-hardening rate and keeps the steel non-magnetic after heavy cold forming, which matters for spun and deep-drawn parts and instrument housings.
- What is the chemical composition of 10Cr18Ni12?
- Under GB/T 4237-2015 Table 15, 10Cr18Ni12 (S30510) has C ≤ 0.12, Cr 17.00 – 19.00, Ni 10.50 – 13.00. Phosphorus is limited to ≤0.045% and sulfur to ≤0.030%.
- What is the ASTM equivalent of 10Cr18Ni12?
- The closest equivalents of 10Cr18Ni12 (S30510) are Type 305 / S30500 in ASTM, X4CrNi18-12 / 1.4303 in EN, SUS305 in JIS (common name: 305). Chemistry limits differ slightly, so dual certification depends on the actual heat.
- What are the mechanical properties of 10Cr18Ni12 plate?
- GB/T 4237-2015 Table 20 requires for 10Cr18Ni12: proof strength Rp0.2 ≥170 MPa, tensile strength ≥485 MPa and elongation ≥40%, hardness ≤183 HBW. Values apply to plate in the delivery heat-treated condition.
- Is 10Cr18Ni12 stainless steel magnetic?
- Not in the annealed condition. 10Cr18Ni12 is austenitic, so annealed plate is essentially non-magnetic; cold work can induce slight magnetism, mostly at cut and bent edges.
- What thickness of 10Cr18Ni12 plate can you supply?
- Under GB/T 4237 we supply 10Cr18Ni12 hot-rolled plate in 3 – 120 mm (to 200 mm by mill order), widths up to 2 000 mm (wider by mill order), cut to size in our warehouse. Thinner material is cold-rolled sheet to GB/T 3280.
Conclusion
GB/T 4237 10Cr18Ni12 (S30510) is a 18-8 chromium-nickel austenitic plate grade, known internationally as 305. It is defined by Table 15 chemistry (C ≤ 0.12, Cr 17.00 – 19.00, Ni 10.50 – 13.00) and Table 20 properties of at least 170 MPa proof strength and 485 MPa tensile strength. Typical uses include deep-drawn and spun parts, cold-headed fasteners blanks and non-magnetic instrument housings. As hot-rolled plate, 305 is bought for non-magnetic or low work-hardening reasons, not corrosion.
Before ordering, state the standard edition, the grade name with its code, and any extra tests, so that the mill certificate matches your design documents. SHH STEEL supplies 10Cr18Ni12 plate by mill order through the producers we represent, cut to size and finished in our own warehouse, with EN 10204 3.1 certificates. For related grades see GB/T 4237 06Cr19Ni10 S30408 and GB/T 4237 12Cr18Ni9 S30210, our GB/T 4237 category and the AISI 305 page. Send your sizes and quantities for a quotation.
Quality Steel Needed? Inquire for Offers
Related Products
