GB/T 713.7 019Cr23MoTi S12362 Pressure Vessel Stainless Plate
GB/T 713.7 019Cr23MoTi: what it is and who uses it
019Cr23MoTi S12362 is listed in GB/T 713.7-2023, the Chinese standard for pressure equipment stainless steel plate, as a high-chromium ferritic grade supplied only as thin cold-rolled sheet. As a GB/T 713.7-2023 stainless plate it is ordered by vessel and heat-exchanger shops that design to GB/T 150 and the TSG 21 safety rules, and by EPC contractors who must deliver Chinese-code equipment abroad. There is no direct ASTM A240 twin, so foreign substitutes must be judged on chemistry and properties.
Reading the designation: the leading digits give the carbon level (≤ 0.025%); the element symbols that follow give the approximate contents of the main alloying elements in percent. S12362 is the unified numeric code (ISC). The grade is new in the 2023 edition: it was not part of GB/T 24511-2017, so older drawings will not call for it and the designer must reference GB/T 713.7-2023 directly. In short, S12362 stainless steel is the GB/T 713.7 designation of this grade. Mills sell 019Cr23MoTi stainless steel under several product standards, but only GB/T 713.7 certifies it for pressure equipment. Every 019Cr23MoTi pressure vessel plate is tested and certified to the 2023 edition.
SHH STEEL produces and exports stainless plate from Shanghai, works as a sales agent for mills including TISCO, Baosteel and POSCO, and runs its own processing warehouse for cutting and polishing. 019Cr23MoTi is part of our GB/T 713.7-2023 pressure vessel stainless plate range; for the general-purpose version of the same grade see GB/T 4237 019Cr23MoTi S12362.
Why designers specify S12362
Material selection for a Chinese-code pressure vessel starts with the design conditions: medium, temperature, pressure and the minimum design metal temperature. Ferritic grades are chosen when chloride stress-corrosion cracking rules out austenitic steel and when the service temperature keeps the material well above its transition range. GB/T 150 lists the permitted plate standards and allowable stresses, and the material must be supplied with a certificate that ties every plate to its heat. Because 019Cr23MoTi is listed in GB/T 713.7-2023, it can be used directly under GB/T 150 without a separate material evaluation, which saves time on approvals compared with a foreign grade.
Who buys it
Our customers for this grade include pressure vessel fabricators in China and Southeast Asia, EPC contractors building Chinese-designed plants in the Middle East, Africa and Central Asia, and maintenance teams that need like-for-like replacement plate for equipment originally built to GB/T 24511 or GB/T 713.7. Export buyers often need the plate certified to GB/T 713.7 and checked against an ASTM or EN grade at the same time, which we arrange with the mill before rolling.
What the standard covers for this grade
| Item | GB/T 713.7-2023 requirement / SHH STEEL supply |
|---|---|
| Standard | GB/T 713.7-2023 (in force since 1 March 2024; replaces GB/T 24511-2017) |
| Grade / unified code | 019Cr23MoTi / S12362 |
| Steel class | Ferritic |
| Chemical composition | Table 15 (heat analysis); product analysis deviations per GB/T 713.1 |
| Mechanical properties | Table 18: Rp0.2 ≥ 245 MPa, Rm ≥ 410 MPa, A ≥ 25% |
| Product forms | Cold-rolled sheet and strip, width ≥ 600 mm |
| Thickness (Table 1) | 0.30 – 3.0 mm (cold rolled only; Table 1 limit for this grade) |
| Delivery condition | Annealed (Annex C gives the regime) |
| Edge / accuracy | EC trimmed or EM untrimmed; PT.A or PT.B thickness accuracy |
| Density | per Annex A |
| Certificate | EN 10204 3.1; 3.2 with third-party witness on request |
The table is a summary; the purchase order should cite the full standard and edition. Clause 4.2 of GB/T 713.7 requires the surface finish to be named on the order, and the edge and thickness-accuracy codes decide the tolerance class used for acceptance. For coil-cut plate, flatness and camber follow the general rules of GB/T 713.1, which every part of GB/T 713 refers to.
Heat and product analysis limits for 019Cr23MoTi
The S12362 chemical composition is the heat (melting) analysis the mill reports for each heat, and it must meet GB/T 713.7-2023 Table 15 in weight percent.
| Element | 019Cr23MoTi heat analysis, % (Table 15) | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.025 | Strength, weldability and sensitization risk |
| Si | ≤ 1.00 | Deoxidation; in heat-resisting grades, oxidation resistance |
| Mn | ≤ 1.00 | Austenite stability and hot workability |
| P | ≤ 0.040 | Kept low for weld soundness |
| S | ≤ 0.030 | Kept low for toughness and weld cracking resistance |
| Cr | 21.00 – 24.00 | Passive film and oxidation resistance |
| Mo | 0.70 – 1.50 | Pitting and crevice resistance |
| N | ≤ 0.025 | Strength and pitting resistance |
| Ti, Nb, Zr or combination | 8×(C+N) – 0.80 | Ties up carbon to prevent sensitization |
The product analysis is a check on the finished plate. Clause 7.2.2 of GB/T 713.7 refers to GB/T 713.1 for the permitted deviations; the values below are the customary GB/T 222 / ASTM A480 deviations applied to 019Cr23MoTi and should be confirmed against the edition cited in the contract.
| Element | Heat analysis limit (%) | Permitted deviation | Product analysis limit (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.025 | +0.005 | ≤ 0.030 |
| Si | ≤ 1.00 | +0.05 | ≤ 1.05 |
| Mn | ≤ 1.00 | +0.03 | ≤ 1.03 |
| P | ≤ 0.040 | +0.005 | ≤ 0.045 |
| S | ≤ 0.030 | +0.005 | ≤ 0.035 |
| Cr | 21.00 – 24.00 | −0.25 / +0.25 | 20.75 – 24.25 |
| Mo | 0.70 – 1.50 | −0.05 / +0.05 | 0.65 – 1.55 |
| N | ≤ 0.025 | +0.01 | ≤ 0.035 |
| Ti, Nb, Zr or combination | 8×(C+N) – 0.80 | by agreement | by agreement |
PREN (Cr + 3.3Mo + 16N) calculated from the minimum chemistry is 23.3. Notes to the table state that compositions were adjusted compared with GB/T 3280 and GB/T 4237, so a general-purpose certificate does not automatically meet GB/T 713.7.
Product (check) analysis and PMI
Product (check) analysis is the chemistry measured on a sample taken from the finished plate rather than from the ladle, and it is how a buyer proves the plate matches the certificate.
Under GB/T 713.7 the mill reports the heat analysis as standard. A product analysis is made when the purchase order calls for it, and the result is judged against the heat limits widened by the permitted deviations shown above. Deviations apply to one side of a range only; a heat may not exceed both the lower and upper limit of the same element. Elements marked ‘by agreement’ have no tabulated deviation and should be settled in the contract.
SHH STEEL runs positive material identification (PMI) on every plate in our Shanghai warehouse before it ships. PMI by handheld XRF confirms Cr, Ni, Mo and other alloying elements; it cannot measure carbon or nitrogen, so when low carbon matters we arrange laboratory spark-OES or combustion analysis through our steel testing service. Product analysis results are added to the 3.1 certificate or reported by the third-party inspector on a 3.2 certificate.
Sampling and acceptance
Samples for product analysis are taken across the thickness or from millings so that the result represents the whole plate, not only the surface. If a product analysis falls outside the permitted range, the usual practice under GB/T 713.1 is to retest on additional samples before the plate or batch is rejected. We keep retained samples from tested heats for a period agreed with the customer, which helps when questions arise during fabrication or inspection.
Mechanical properties of 019Cr23MoTi plate
The S12362 mechanical properties are the room-temperature values that GB/T 713.7-2023 Table 18 sets for annealed plate.
| Property | GB/T 713.7 S12362 (Table 18) |
|---|---|
| Rp0.2, MPa | ≥ 245 |
| Rm, MPa | ≥ 410 |
| A, % | ≥ 25 |
| Hardness | HBW ≤ 217, HRB 96 max, HV ≤ 230 |
| Bend test | D = 2a, 180°, when ordered |
Elongation for thickness ≤ 3.00 mm is measured on A50 mm specimens per GB/T 228.1 P5. Design stresses are not taken from this table directly: the vessel designer uses the allowable-stress tables of GB/T 150.2, which are derived from these minimums and from the elevated-temperature data in Annex D where given.
How designers use these values
The room-temperature minimums are the basis of the allowable stresses in GB/T 150.2. The designer takes the lower of the stress derived from tensile strength and the stress derived from proof strength, applies the code safety factors, and for elevated temperatures uses the temperature-dependent proof strength. For ferritic grades the allowable stress is moderate and the code temperature limits are narrower than for austenitic grades. Hardness limits on the certificate are a quick check that the plate has been correctly heat treated: a plate above the maximum hardness has usually been under-treated or cold worked.
Testing frequency
Tensile and hardness tests are made per batch as defined in the inspection rules of GB/T 713.7 clause 9 and GB/T 713.1. A batch is plate from the same heat, the same thickness and the same heat-treatment condition. When the order calls for testing of each plate or each rolled plate, state this explicitly, as it affects cost and lead time.
Annealing
S12362 heat treatment annealing is the final heat treatment that sets the structure and properties of the plate, and GB/T 713.7-2023 Annex C gives the recommended regime for 019Cr23MoTi. Mills typically anneal this grade at about 950 – 1 050 °C followed by air or rapid cooling to give a soft, fully ferritic structure. The actual temperature and cooling method are recorded on the mill certificate.
Clause 7.1.2 allows hot-rolled strip 14.0 – 25.0 mm thick to be levelled and heat treated sheet by sheet. After heavy cold forming or hot forming of heads, the fabricator should follow GB/T 150.4 on whether re-treatment is needed; ferritic plate is normally re-annealed, not quenched.
What can go wrong
An incorrectly heat-treated plate shows up as high hardness, low elongation or, in corrosion tests, as intergranular attack. Over-heating coarsens the ferrite grain and reduces toughness, so annealing temperature and time are controlled closely. When we receive plate, our engineers check the heat-treatment record on the certificate against Annex C and the hardness result before releasing the material.
Toughness and thickness limits
Toughness is the main design limit for ferritic 019Cr23MoTi: like other ferritic stainless steels it has a ductile-to-brittle transition, and the transition moves to higher temperatures as thickness increases.
| Point | Guidance |
|---|---|
| Thickness | 0.30 – 3.0 mm (cold rolled only; Table 1 limit for this grade) |
| Bend test | D = 2a when ordered (Table 18) |
| Weld HAZ | Grain growth reduces toughness; limit heat input |
| Service | Not for cryogenic duty; check the minimum design temperature |
For low-temperature or impact-critical parts, an austenitic grade is the safer choice.
Because Table 1 limits the grade to 3.0 mm, 019Cr23MoTi ferritic stainless sheet is used for thin-walled parts such as water heater cylinders rather than thick vessel shells.
Design checklist for this service
- Confirm the minimum and maximum design metal temperatures against the limits in GB/T 150 for this material.
- State on the order every test that the design relies on, because tests that are ‘by agreement’ are not performed unless they are written into the contract.
- Check that weld procedures, filler metals and any post-weld treatment are qualified for the same temperature range as the base metal.
- Keep the mill certificate, the inspection report and the weld records together in the vessel data book, as required for registration with the special-equipment authority.
019Cr23MoTi equivalent grades: ASTM, EN, former China
A 019Cr23MoTi equivalent grade is a grade in another standard with similar chemistry and properties, not an interchangeable certificate.
| Standard system | Equivalent / closest grade |
|---|---|
| GB/T 713.7-2023 | 019Cr23MoTi, S12362 |
Equivalence is by alloy family, not certificate. Replacing S12362 with a foreign grade in a Chinese-code vessel needs approval from the designer and, where required, the special-equipment inspection authority; the reverse also applies to ASME or PED equipment built from GB/T plate.
Because no foreign standard lists an exact twin, export projects normally buy this grade to GB/T 713.7 directly, with a 3.2 certificate.
Welding and fabrication of 019Cr23MoTi
Welding of 019Cr23MoTi is done by GTAW, SMAW, GMAW or SAW with matching ferritic or austenitic 309L-type filler metal. Preheat is generally not needed for thin sections, but heat input should be kept low to limit grain growth in the heat-affected zone. Pickle and passivate welds for corrosive service.
Weld procedures are qualified to NB/T 47014 for Chinese-code equipment, or to ASME IX for export projects. Cold forming of heads and shells is normal for this grade; ferritic plate forms well at room temperature in thin gauges; warm forming may help in heavier sheet. Plasma, laser and waterjet cutting are all suitable; remove heat-tinted edges before welding.
Practical welding notes
- Clean the joint area with stainless-only brushes and solvent; carbon steel contamination causes rust spots.
- Keep heat input low and avoid multiple re-heating of the HAZ.
- Austenitic filler can be used for dissimilar joints and to improve weld toughness.
- Check that the minimum design temperature is compatible with weld and HAZ toughness.
Our warehouse can supply bevelled edges and cut blanks ready for welding, which reduces work in the fabrication shop.
Corrosion resistance and PREN of 019Cr23MoTi
Corrosion resistance of 019Cr23MoTi is set by its chromium, molybdenum content: it has very good chloride stress-corrosion cracking resistance and, at higher Cr and Mo, good pitting resistance. Its minimum PREN is 23.3.
For welded parts in sensitizing media, an intergranular corrosion test to GB/T 4334 can be ordered. Hydrotest water chloride content should be controlled as required by GB/T 150.4.
Media guide
| Medium | Typical suitability |
|---|---|
| Atmosphere, hot water | Good |
| Chloride SCC conditions | Resistant |
| Strong reducing acids | Limited |
| Seawater | Good for high Cr-Mo grades |
The table is general guidance. Final material selection should be based on the actual medium, temperature and concentration, and where possible on plant experience or corrosion testing.
Ferritic-specific notes
Ferritic stainless steels do not suffer chloride stress-corrosion cracking in the way austenitic grades do, which is the main reason they are used in hot-water and chloride-bearing service. Their weaknesses are lower toughness, especially after welding, and sensitivity to grain growth. Stabilized ferritic grades with titanium or niobium resist intergranular corrosion after welding without heat treatment. When a design moves from austenitic to ferritic plate, check weld procedures, forming limits and minimum design temperature again rather than assuming the same rules apply.
Where this plate goes
Applications of 019Cr23MoTi follow from its corrosion and temperature behaviour as a pressure equipment stainless steel plate. Typical uses:
- Water heater tanks and hot-water cylinders
- Heat exchanger tubes and thin vessel parts
- Chloride-bearing hot-water service
Buyers specifying 019Cr23MoTi for these jobs often compare it with GB/T 713.7 019Cr23Mo2Ti S12361 and GB/T 713.7 019Cr19Mo2NbTi S11972; the comparison table on this page shows the differences.
Other GB/T 713.7 grades buyers request alongside it: GB/T 713.7 022Cr27Ni2Mo4NbTi S12763.
Selection guidance by application
For storage tanks and low-pressure vessels the decision is usually driven by corrosion resistance and cost, and the plate thickness is moderate. For high-pressure or large-diameter vessels, strength becomes important and ferritic plate is rarely the first choice; it is used mainly for thin, low-pressure parts where SCC resistance matters. For heat exchangers the tube sheets, shells and channels often use different grades, and we can supply all of them in one order with consistent certification.
Choosing between 019Cr23MoTi and its neighbours
Choosing between 019Cr23MoTi and its neighbours comes down to carbon, nitrogen and alloy content. The table compares the grades buyers most often weigh it against, using GB/T 713.7-2023 values.
| Grade | Key chemistry, % | Rp0.2 min, MPa | Rm, MPa |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB/T 713.7 S12362 | C ≤ 0.025, Cr 21.00 – 24.00, Mo 0.70 – 1.50, N ≤ 0.025 | 245 | ≥ 410 |
| GB/T 713.7 019Cr23Mo2Ti S12361 | C ≤ 0.025, Cr 21.00 – 24.00, Mo 1.50 – 2.50, N ≤ 0.025 | 245 | ≥ 410 |
| GB/T 713.7 019Cr19Mo2NbTi S11972 | C ≤ 0.025, Cr 17.50 – 19.50, Ni ≤ 1.00, Mo 1.75 – 2.50, N ≤ 0.035 | 275 | ≥ 415 |
| GB/T 713.7 022Cr27Ni2Mo4NbTi S12763 | C ≤ 0.030, Cr 25.00 – 28.00, Ni 1.00 – 3.50, Mo 3.00 – 4.00, N ≤ 0.040 | 450 | ≥ 585 |
How to choose
Start from the corrosion requirement and the design temperature, then compare strength, availability and cost. A higher-alloy grade is only worth its price when the medium or temperature needs it; a lower-alloy grade that is readily available often gives a shorter lead time. Ferritic grades are chosen mainly for chloride stress-corrosion resistance and low nickel cost, within the thickness and toughness limits of the family. Our engineers can review your design conditions and suggest the most economical grade that meets the code.
Dimensions and plate weight
| Dimension | Typical supply |
|---|---|
| Thickness | 0.30 – 3.0 mm (cold rolled only; Table 1 limit for this grade) |
| Width | 600 – 1 250 mm typical |
| Length | Cut to length or coil |
| Tolerances | GB/T 708 / GB/T 709, PT.A or PT.B |
| Weight | thickness (mm) × density (g/cm³) = kg/m²; density per Annex A |
Weight example: a 2.0 mm sheet at 7.7 g/cm³ weighs about 15.4 kg/m².
Tolerance and flatness notes
PT.A is the normal thickness accuracy class; PT.B gives a tighter tolerance and is useful when the designer has little corrosion allowance or when plates are rolled into shells with close fit-up requirements. Flatness depends on thickness and width, and cut-to-length plate from coil is usually flatter than as-rolled thick plate. For heads and dished ends, ask us for circular blanks cut to the developed diameter, which reduces handling and scrap at the fabricator.
Surface finish and processing
| Finish | Description | Availability for this grade |
|---|---|---|
| 2B | Cold rolled, annealed, skin passed | 0.30 – 3.0 mm |
| 2D | Cold rolled, annealed, matt | 0.30 – 3.0 mm |
| BA | Bright annealed | Thin gauges, by mill |
We offer steel cutting services and stainless surface finishing services in our Shanghai warehouse.
Choosing a finish
No.1 is the standard finish for hot-rolled pressure vessel plate; it is suitable for shells, heads and parts that will be pickled or machined after fabrication. Cold-rolled 2B is used for thin vessels, liners and parts where a smoother surface helps cleaning. Polished finishes are specified for hygienic vessels in food and pharmaceutical plants, where surface roughness limits are part of the design. Plates can be supplied with PE film protection to prevent scratching during fabrication.
Testing and certification
- Heat chemical analysis on every heat; product analysis by agreement
- Tensile test and hardness per Table 18
- Bend test D = 2a when ordered
- Intergranular corrosion (GB/T 4334) and UT on request
- 100% PMI and dimensional check by SHH STEEL
- EN 10204 3.1 certificate; 3.2 with SGS, BV, TUV or a named inspector
Every test result appears on the certificate with the heat number, so the plate can be traced from mill to finished vessel.
Third-party inspection
For export projects, a 3.2 certificate is often required. In that case an independent inspector witnesses sampling and testing at the mill and countersigns the certificate. We coordinate SGS, BV, TUV, Lloyd’s or a client-named inspector, and we schedule witness points so that inspection does not delay rolling. In our warehouse we check dimensions, flatness, surface condition and marking, and repeat PMI on each plate before packing.
What to put on a 019Cr23MoTi purchase order
- Standard and edition: GB/T 713.7-2023
- Grade and code: 019Cr23MoTi / S12362
- Thickness, width, length and quantity
- Edge EC or EM; thickness accuracy PT.A or PT.B
- Surface finish (clause 4.2)
- Extra tests: impact temperature, IGC, UT, product analysis
- Certificate type: EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2
Send the list to SHH STEEL and we return a quotation with mill, lead time and stock options.
Common ordering mistakes
- Citing GB/T 24511 instead of GB/T 713.7-2023 on new orders.
- Leaving out the surface finish, which clause 4.2 requires.
- Not stating impact test temperature when the design needs it.
- Ordering to GB/T 4237 for pressure parts; GB/T 4237 plate is not certified for pressure equipment.
A short technical review before order placement avoids these problems, and our engineering team does this free of charge.
Mill sourcing and lead time
019Cr23MoTi is produced by a smaller number of Chinese mills; we place mill orders through the producers we represent and confirm minimum quantities per thickness. Lead time is typically 30-40 days for mill production (production can be scheduled within 30-40 days), and we confirm the rolling slot with the quotation.
Every plate is traceable to its heat number, and copies of the mill certificates stay on file for repeat orders and audits. Mixed-grade and mixed-standard orders can be consolidated in one shipment.
Packing and export documents
Plates are packed on steel or fumigated wooden pallets with waterproof wrapping, edge protectors and steel straps, and each bundle carries labels with grade, standard, heat number, size and weight. Export documents include the commercial invoice, packing list, mill certificates, certificate of origin and, when required, inspection certificates. We ship from Shanghai port in containers or break bulk, and can consolidate mixed grades in one shipment.
FAQ
- What is S12362 stainless steel?
- S12362 is the unified numeric code for 019Cr23MoTi, a ferritic stainless grade listed in GB/T 713.7-2023 for pressure equipment plate. It is supplied annealed with Rp0.2 ≥245 MPa and Rm ≥ 410 MPa per Table 18.
- What is the ASTM equivalent of 019Cr23MoTi?
- There is no exact ASTM A240 equivalent for 019Cr23MoTi. Export projects therefore usually buy it to GB/T 713.7 directly, with a 3.2 certificate.
- What is the yield strength of S12362 plate to GB/T 713.7?
- Rp0.2 is at least 245 MPa at room temperature, with Rm ≥ 410 MPa and A ≥25%, per GB/T 713.7-2023 Table 18. Design allowable stresses are taken from GB/T 150.2, not directly from these minimums.
- Was S12362 in GB/T 24511?
- No. S12362 was added in GB/T 713.7-2023 and was not listed in GB/T 24511-2017. Drawings must reference GB/T 713.7-2023 to use this grade.
- What thickness of 019Cr23MoTi plate can you supply?
- Under GB/T 713.7 this grade is limited to 0.30 – 3.0 mm cold-rolled sheet. Table 1 sets this limit specifically for 019Cr23Mo2Ti, 019Cr23MoTi and 022Cr27Ni2Mo4NbTi.
- What certificate comes with 019Cr23MoTi plate?
- SHH STEEL supplies it with an EN 10204 3.1 certificate, or 3.2 with third-party witness on request. The certificate shows heat number, heat analysis, tensile and hardness results and the heat-treatment record.
Conclusion
GB/T 713.7 019Cr23MoTi (S12362) is a ferritic pressure-vessel plate grade. It is defined by Table 15 chemistry (C ≤ 0.025, Cr 21.00 – 24.00, Mo 0.70 – 1.50, N ≤ 0.025, Ti, Nb, Zr or combination 8×(C+N) – 0.80) and Table 18 properties of Rp0.2 ≥245 MPa, Rm ≥ 410 MPa and A ≥25%. Typical uses include water heater tanks and hot-water cylinders, heat exchanger tubes and thin vessel parts and chloride-bearing hot-water service.
Before ordering, state the standard edition, the grade name with its code, and any extra tests, so that the mill certificate matches your design documents. SHH STEEL supplies 019Cr23MoTi plate from stock and by mill order, cut to size and finished in our own warehouse, with EN 10204 3.1 certificates. For related grades see GB/T 713.7 019Cr23Mo2Ti S12361 and GB/T 713.7 019Cr19Mo2NbTi S11972, our GB/T 713.7-2023 category and GB/T 4237 019Cr23MoTi S12362. Send your sizes and quantities for a quotation.
Quality Steel Needed? Inquire for Offers
Related Products
